Decision analysis ( Supply Chain management class ) Research Paper

Choice examination ( Supply Chain the executives class ) - Research Paper Example The writing audit directed for an exploration study helps the analyst to build up a hypothetical information in regards to the topic with the assistance of the examination works of prominent writers and researchers. The writing survey of the current paper has been encircled based on books, diaries and other insightful distributions. The reason behind utilizing such materials is to make proper scholastic reason for achieving the exploration. Through the writing survey, the analyst can achieve clearness of thoughts. It likewise aids the advancement of reasonable justification for examining the subject of the examination. It has been guaranteed by the analyst that the writing survey lays its attention on the essential destinations of the paper which is to basically assess the job of choice investigation in flexibly chain the board. Toward the end, an end has been figured based on the examination. In the ongoing age, the idea of choice examination has picked up prominence in the business key administration. The quick expanding sway which this field of dynamic has made on associations, both private and open is perceptible. The specialty units are constantly occupied with settling on key and basic choices so as to increase over their rivals and to prevail over the long haul. Significant advancement in principle, computational methods and demonstrating devices are ascribed to the jumps in software engineering which has settled on the dynamic procedure an essential division of business (Cooper and Schindler, 2003). Anderson, et al. (2015) characterizes Decision examinations as a deliberate, visual and quantitative methodology used by the organizations so as to assess and address essential decisions that the organizations manage. Choice investigation executes various apparatuses to extricate every single pertinent datum that are required to locate an ideal arrangement during the time spent dynamic. The term choice examination was first begat by Ronald A. Howard in 1964 (Hatten, 2015).

Mission And Vision Of Etihad Airways Tourism Essay

Strategic Vision Of Etihad Airways Tourism Essay 1.â â â â Identify the Mission and Vision of Etihad Airways. The national banner bearer of the UAE, Etihad Airways and its excursion so far since its origin in 2003 have made some amazing progress to radiates in class, quality and adequate cordiality which were significant for the aircraft to make a serious edge in the business everywhere and in the market frequently known for its serious condition. Nonetheless, the greater test is remaining at the top and advancing further in such unpredictable market condition. Taking a voyage through the organization site (www.etihadairways.com) we go to the information that Etihad and its administrations in the business is at standard with world class desires. Henceforth it will be legitimate in the event that we break down all the important components of the auxiliary procedure of the organization and how it works all day every day in setting a guide for itself to be perceived as one of the quickest developing national banner bearer of the UAE, and a rival in the business. What's more, the accompanying conversation identifies with every perspective the full scale financial aspects examination, PESTLE ideas, and SWOT investigation. Crucial Vision of Etihad Airways Before we endeavor to recognize the vision and mission of Etihad aircrafts, it will be appropriate to relate on Etihad story and its creation. In that pith, the corporate correspondence from the carrier part portrays how specifically the aircraft is not quite the same as the incensing swarm. Notwithstanding set delight back into flying is additionally one of the carrier proverb and story of a record of their social perspectives. (Etihadairways, 2010) We can additionally include that the vision of Etihad aircraft is likewise firmly connected to its Arabian legacy specifically. Take for example the corporate correspondence in such manner, which expresses that mirroring the national character of the nation and its Arabian legacy and cordiality is one predominant factor, where refined ways to deal with accommodation, aside from kind, liberal and warm friendliness are at the underlying foundations of Etihad social mix. The vision of the aircraft is likewise to get one of the worldwide carriers that ooze a genuinely 21st century, where challenges, and evolving condition, in addition to a drawing in vision to break the show, (Etihad, 2010) establishes its profound established vision. Consequently, Etihad Airways strategic any kind corporate is to give an invigorating inviting to their visitor, where travel ought to be protected and secure in a domain that is cordial, and where worldwide norms in the two terms is rehearsed, be it accommodation or in the specialized viewpoints in guaranteeing a sheltered excursion for its visitors. (Etihad, 2010) 2.â â â â How is the Macro-Environment of Etihad Airways in UAE? Investigate the impacts of the PESTLE factors in the dynamic. Full scale Environment of Etihad Airways in UAE In monetary terms, full scale condition identifies with factors that are wild and that which are fluctuating. In this way, in full scale financial aspects sense, and when it concerns organizations, large scale level measures incorporates impartially based factors and factors, for example, social, social, innovative and any semblance of political powers, dialects, religion geology, financial matters coalitions, (Mooij, 2004, p. 55) and so on, which assumes a critical job in choosing authoritative near administration in a worldwide economy. Henceforth, it is the same when it concerns Etihad also in such manner, given that market powers now and again assumes a significant job in choosing the organization systems and its administration, where the comprehension of assembly and disparity at the full scale level is significant (Mooij, 2004, p. 56) particularly for carrier that face a serious situation in the worldwide business. In any case, to be progressively exact in mirroring the large scale condition of Etihad Airways, news reports offers go-ahead for the Etihad as far as full scale condition factorial angles, given that the aircraft as of late expanded its market top and worldwide systems, where an understanding was scorched with Yemen aviation routes. (Karam, 2008)Hence in financial sense, the concurrence with Yemen aircrafts will gives Etihad clients a higher submit the two way travel and meanwhile it will likewise gives Yemen Airways client an entrance to Etihad aviation routes systems, state CEO of the organization, James Hogan. (Karam, 2008) In such regard to the improvement of the full scale condition factors, apparently Ethiad is very much positioned as far as its intensity. What's more, the main quarter development for the monetary years finishing 2010, Etihad revealed a 25.4% bounce in its development, which according to industry shrewd correlation is route above, because of components, for example, the expansion in quantities of seats in Etihad, which is one urgent venture that chose the aircraft destiny in like manner. (BIStaffReporter, 2010) In this manner, the above news report is one genuine guide to mirror the full scale condition of Etihad aviation routes in UAE, and a reality that Etihad stood the trial of time in large scale monetary sense. Impacts of the PESTLE factors in the dynamic On account of Etihad, it is accepted that dynamic is additionally at the underlying foundations of the board imbroglio. In any case, what shocks us is the way that Etihad in all cases including its methodologies have come out without a hitch and achievement. That intrigues it to think about how the PESTLE factors impact dynamic at Etihad. Be that as it may, what is a PESTLE variable? Comprehended in straightforward terms, PESTLE variable or PESTLE investigation of full scale condition mirror the large scale financial ideas, for example, the one talked about above. What's more assessments, new laws and any semblance of legislative strategies and so forth, additionally impacts firms dynamic. (OxfordUniversityPress, 2007) Subsequently, A PESTEL variable comprises the elements that are applicable to impact dynamic. It can appear as Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental lastly Legal variables which characterizes nature of an organization. (OxfordUniversityPress, 2007) Laying accentuation to this thought, we can commute home the realities that Etihad Airways is in accordance with regarding all the natural guideline while directing business. The association with Masdar marked in 2009 is one essential factor on the ecological front and choice came to in such manner. (EtihadAirways1, 2010) On the political elements, Etihad is known be consistent with nearby and international strategy creators, be it in US, UK and in UAE. In addition, on the lawful elements, its persuasions are foremost concerning Etihad the board. Besides, innovative and social viewpoints likewise become the dominant focal point in affecting choice at Etihad, and the accompanying SWOT examination bears tribute. 3.â â â â Conduct a SWOT Analysis of the Internal and External condition of Etihad Airways. Closing on SWOT examination: The Internal and External condition of Etihad Airways Quality: The greatest quality of Etihad can be laid accentuation to its reality class administrations. Also, as a rival in the market, Etihad grants itself talks volume on this front. (EtihadAirways2, 2010) Shortcoming: When it matter to Etihad more vulnerable focuses, news report relates that its freight division present some of it, given that income factors are likewise impressively made out from payload activities. With no vital layout, load division endures. Be that as it may, with new initiative in line and vital advancement embraced, there is a positive degree that such shortcoming additionally can be survived, state Etihad insiders. (KhaleejTimes, 2010) Openings: As we have related above, Etihad Airways is presently various understandings, be it with Yemen Airlines as related above, or any semblance of growing its goal far and wide in outside business sectors. Thus, the universal Air Service Contract granted by the Federal Government of Australia as of late as revealed in AmeInfo.com (AmeInfo, 2010) presents the entrepreneurial foundation of the organization, we can finish up. Dangers: In the worldwide condition, dangers are fundamental, particularly concerning carrier industry. In that regard, Etihad has taken extraordinary measure to refresh and keep it visitor educated regarding any adjustments in guideline, be it in the residential or global courses, (AmeInfo1, 2006) so as to maintain a strategic distance from with any issue that may emerge because of business dangers.

How to Find Waterproof Writing Paper

How to Find Waterproof Writing PaperWaterproof writing paper should be the first option of anyone who wishes to write on any type of surface that is likely to get wet. The unique qualities of a waterproof writing paper make it perfect for people who work with water often. This type of paper will also work well on carpets, so you can use it at home, office or school.If you're not sure what type of paper is best for your needs, the first thing you need to do is determine the purpose of your paper. Waterproof writing paper can be used for everyday things like writing letters, but it may not be suitable for special occasions such as birthday cards. After you've determined your purpose, you should narrow down your choices. If you're looking for something for everyday use, consider some of the following suggestions.If you're writing an entire page for the purpose of writing letters, it may be convenient to use a machine instead of a pen and ink. The best waterproof writing paper may come w ith a machine that includes a ballpoint pen. You can also find machines that have a dip nib so you can feed it into the pen while the machine continues to dry.However, if you're looking for a water proof paper for holiday cards, it may be more convenient to use a pen and ink. This makes it easier to add special touches to holiday cards without having to wait for the paper to dry. Some fountain pens even come with ink reservoirs, so you don't have to buy another tube.For special accents in a business setting, you can always use a fountain pen or some other kind of ink. They may not dry as quickly as the pen and ink machine, but this is something that you'll have to determine as you shop. You should keep in mind that the last thing you want to do is end up with a smudged, sticky, water-stained card.If you're shopping for something new, it may take a long time to try several different kinds of papers before you find one that works well. As you are browsing the lines, however, take a fe w minutes to try some out. It's a good idea to look at all the styles available so you can pick the one that suits your needs.The good news is that many people prefer paper that is dipped into water. These papers are generally classified as laminated or un-dipped. Laminated paper is generally cheaper than in-dipped, but there are variations between brands and companies, so you need to keep this in mind when making your selection.If you want to write directly on the surface without getting wet, you should purchase one of the more expensive waterproofing papers. They typically have a bit more to give so that you can write to even when wet. Some of these types of papers even include UV protection, which makes them perfect for use in the kitchen. You can also use the paper for writing in a confined space.

The Human Genome Project ( Hgp ) - 1324 Words

In 2000, the $3 billion dollar project--The Human Genome Project (HGP)--came to completion. Geneticists can now provide a patient with a comprehensive map of their DNA sequence. Obtaining such information can tell a patient if they have the gene variant associated with many different genetically linked diseases such as Alzheimer’s, diabetes, heart conditions or even cancer. This medical revolution can indicate what drugs to take, at what dosage and what lifestyle choices can be made in order to prevent the disease or at the least, control the symptoms at the earliest stages as possible. However, this new diagnostic tool has raised some ethical issues: Will your privacy be protected? Will insurance companies pressure you into getting your†¦show more content†¦However, a percentage of the Human Genome Project budget was devoted to the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) research. This program was founded to identify and address issues raised by genomic resear ch, including conflicts of interest affecting all the concerned parties. These issues also include worries about insurers using genetic information to impose high premiums and deny coverage or companies refusing employment opportunities. Yet with new technology comes new laws; for example, in the United States, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act was passed on May 21st 2008[1]. As the name implies, this law prohibits employers and health insurance companies from using genetic information, protecting citizens from discrimination based on their predisposition to developing a genetic disorder. If DNA sequencing were to become standard medical procedure, such laws will have to be enacted in order to protect the patient’s rights. In the process of developing the Human Genome Project, multiple gene expression-based cancer markers were identified. Furthermore, geneticists began to note that cancer pathologies are most often not restricted to one single genomic mutation. On the contrary, a large number of different alterations in a patient s DNA come together and cause the malignant transformation. The combination of mutations, structural variations and

The Teachings About Abortion and the Sanctity of Life that...

The Teachings About Abortion and the Sanctity of Life that are Found in the Bible An abortion is the premature expulsion of a foetus from the womb, which may be induced or natural, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage. Abortion was legalised in 1967 and before then around 200,000 backstreet illegal abortions took place each year. For Christians, the topic of abortion is a problem as it raises many difficult issues. As it is an issue that concerns life and death, it stirs up strong emotions. Peoples views on abortion often rest on their answer to question When does life begin? A lot of Pro-life supporters say that life begins at the moment of conception, while some Pro-choice†¦show more content†¦These are: Job 1.v 21 Naked I came from my mothers womb, and naked I shall depart. , Psalm 139.v 13 You created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mothers womb , Isaiah 49.v 1,5 Before I was born the Lord called me; from my birth he has made mention of my name. and Luke 1v.41 When Elizabeth heard Marys greeting, the baby leapt in her womb. Exodus 20.v13 You shall not kill is said to include the life of an unborn child. I Corinthians 3v. 16-17 Dont you know that you yourselves are Gods temple and that Gods spirit lives in you? If anyone destroys Gods temple, God will destroy him for Gods temple is sacred and you are his temple. is interpreted as meaning that you must respect your body, as it is Gods. Both of these basic commands are commonly explained to be against abortion. Exodus 21v. 21 If men who are fighting hit a pregnant woman and she gives birth prematurely but there is no serious injury, the offender must be fined whatever the womans husband demands and the court allows. This quote is explained as meaning that if the man is fined, then the life of the foetus is not as important as the life of the mother, but it is still valuable. Another quote that is interpreted so it is for abortion is Matthew 9v. 36Show MoreRelatedEssay on Religion and Medical Ethics1629 Words   |  7 Pagesissues that are put forward by Christians concerning the sanctity of life in relation to abortion and what their beliefs are. There are no Biblical scriptures that deal directly with abortion; however I will refer to passages in the Bible that refer to life and other relevant areas. Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy and can be defined as the deliberate destruction of a foetus, causing its death. The 1967 Abortion Act allows a woman to terminate or end her pregnancyRead MoreEssay on Abortion: A Religious Issue1359 Words   |  6 Pages Abortion: A Religious Issue nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the toughest issues to debate in our world today is abortion. Abortion is the induced termination of pregnancy before the fetus can survive. Nowadays, abortion affects all people, not just the mother and the baby. There are moral, ethical, health-related, political, and religious aspects that affect how people feel towards abortion. By looking at religion and its views, one can see just how hard it would be to argue in the pro-choiceRead MoreThe Teaching of the Roman Catholic Church and Their Influence on Peoples Views on Abortion1077 Words   |  5 PagesThe Teaching of the Roman Catholic Church and Their Influence on Peoples Views on Abortion The R.C Church teaches that all human life is sacred. The word sacred means devoted or help especially acceptable to a deity. Both the old and new testaments teach that human life is sacred and should not be terminated. God created life in his image and each one of us is like him. To kill a human being is like killing a part of god and this has greatly influenced the teachings ofRead MoreWhat is Abortion Essay2077 Words   |  9 Pagesis Abortion Abortion is the term used to describe the premature expulsion of the foetus from the womb, or the operation to cause this. It is when a pregnant woman intentionally gets rid of her child before it is fully developed. Abortion is an extremely topical issue and has been practised for many centuries, although it only became legal in Britain in 1967. This was because an act was passed to encourage women not to have dangerous Back Street Abortions. PeopleRead MoreA Modern Controversy: the Case of George Tiller Essay8892 Words   |  36 Pagessupporters, he was a hero committed to women in need of help. For two decades, Dr Tiller spent his life looking over his shoulder. 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TheyRead MoreCan Christian Ethics Survive Within A Secular State?1550 Words   |  7 PagesCan Christian Ethics survive in a secular state?. Christian ethics is the study of the way of life that conforms to the will of God. Judgment of behaviour derives from the fundamental Christian virtues. These are prudence, fortitude, temperance and justice. Christian ethics is essentially a religious ethic and is deeply founded in the revelation of God. Therefore, â€Å"how does the decline of Christianity in modern Western societies impede the validity of a Christian ethical approach to contemporaryRead MoreThe Social And Cultural Issues Of The Two Mainstream Religions, Christian And Islam1740 Words   |  7 PagesIslam specifically in the UK. In advance of discussing these issues, the two mainstream religions need to be described briefly. According to (source, year), Christianity is religion that is a form of Abrahamic monotheism which is on the basis on the life and experiences of Jesus Christ and this is shown in the New Testament. Christianity is one of the largest religions in the world with more than 2.4 billion people that adhere to the religion, known as Christians. Christians hold their belief thatRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?3167 Words   |  13 PagesAmerica today is abortion. Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy (oxford). Abortion is one of those issues which polarises ones opinion. It is something which many people have strong feelings for or against and in some cases, this has resulted in protest and violence. In the United States alone there are roughly about 1.2 million abortions are performed yearly, that’s about 3 out of 10 women (Trupin). Abortion is one of theRead MoreThe Ethical Debate Concerning Clonin g Essay6336 Words   |  26 Pagesargument for cloning starts with the idea of reproductive rights. This liberal view holds that every individual is entitled to the right to have a child as long as the child born is unharmed. Some philosophers point out that when talking about rights it is necessary to discern from whom these rights should come. This question is difficult to answer because it either assumes natural, God-given rights or requires that the state ensure the right to reproduce or both. A third

Ais Attacks and Failures Essay - 1774 Words

Replacing a Legacy AIS Application Jamaine Williams Professor Elias Konwufine Assignment 4: ACCT 564 Abstract As long as this world have businesses and buying and selling within company to company accounting and Accounting Information Systems (AIS) will play a big role in financial management and decision making. The degree of value and how usable an AIS is depending on if the system is custom, outsourced or boxed. In this paper I will talk about just that. You will find out if the company should keep, change, modify or outsource and what will be the advantages and disadvantages of doing so. Analyze the need for changing to a new system and the potential benefits and risks associated with this. Identify three (3) advantages†¦show more content†¦Anything not covered in the contract will be the basis for you to pay additional charges. Additionally, you will experience legal fees to retain a lawyer to review the contacts you will sign. Remember, this is the outsourcing companys business. They have done this before and they are the ones that write the contract. Therefore, you will be at a disadvantage when negotiations start (Bucki, 2012). Threat to Security and Confidentiality The life-blood of any business is the information that keeps it running. If you have payroll, medical records or any other confidential information that will be transmitted to the outsourcing company, there is a risk that the confidentiality may be compromised. If the outsourced function involves sharing proprietary company data or knowledge (e.g. product drawings, formulas, etc.), this must be taken into account. Evaluate the outsourcing company carefully to make sure your data is protected and the contract has a penalty clause if an incident occurs (Bucki, 2012). Quality Problems The outsourcing company will be motivated by profit. Since the contract will fix the price, the only way for them to increase profit will be to decrease expenses. 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Corporate Sector In Australia Considering â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Disuss About The Corporate Sector In Australia Considering? Answer: Introduction The present study is based on case evaluation of companies who went into liquidation and had impacted Australian economy significantly. The study will include a description of liquidation of companies and primary factors that led corporate entities to this situation. Analysis and evaluation in the study will be supported by case examples of ABC Learning, HIH Insurance and One.Telphone Company. It will also include lessons that learnt by companies operating in Australia from this major collapses. Liquidation of companies in Australia Liquidation or winding up is process undertaken legally for the closure of all operating activities of the business. It involves selling all asset of the business and winding up the affairs of the company as stated by the law (Hodne and et, al 2013). The process of liquidation undertaken by law brings the end of a company as it is a lawfully created entity which cannot die a natural death. In accordance with the case study of Carnegie and OConnell (2014) economic downturn leads to corporate failure, even though there are controlled changes in specific characteristics of the company. The information that is necessary to rank companies according to failure risk is provided in company specific factors. Debt at risk frame work measures the contribution of failure of cooperation to financial risk stability (Chen, Ramsay and Welsh, 2016). This shows that it is usually concentrated in large companies and corporate debt at risk is low in total. It also indicated the importance of trade credit, in the leverage form that can have an impact on corporate failure and as a potential channel which promotes shocks. The ability to transmit distress in the business increases its importance towards financial stability. Case examples of liquidation ABC Learning The collapse of ABC Learning is considered to be a crucial case of liquidation in Australia. As per the view point of Damiani, Bourne and Foo (2015), the primary reason of liquidation was the low supervision of the government. Further ABC Company implemented the trick of the Macquarie Bank of leveraging a consistent streamline of income financially to finance acquisitions, and expected an always increasing market share price would finance the infinite growth (Crockett and Ali, 2015). However, they do not contain the sense or the base of a varied asset to drive the model effectively and were utterly exposed to a significant increase in costs of credit. The government has the total role in providing half revenue for 70 percent in private sectors for childcare services. It must not be more rapid release in the concept of taking control over the management of ABC learning. The absolute size, the debt of firm- it has loans of approx $1b or above to the big four banks alone, will be more difficult even if the budget excesses to be limitless (Betta, 2016). Been pointed out by Sue Lines, ABC Learning does not own the land by which its centres are located. How much land the company holds is still mysterious. There is no point to say anything about the $20m in fundamental entitlements for employees. Another option for this aspect, however, is exclusive of profited centres of the cited company, leaving unprofitable or low-profit centres in limbo (Clarke and Dean, 2014). Relatively, the government must not begin to play a governance role proportionate to its importance of finance. The proposed company board, imbalanced with the politicians, seems to be failed in practising a vital level of controlling over the management of Eddy Groves. HIH Insurance The plan of HIH soap composition is well-known, as the company suffered from a failure in 2001 with debts of approx $5.3billion, which Ray Williams and their legion received by gross collapse, and charged a very little for premium and failed to pay out sufficient amount to claims. They covered through under reserving that will increase profits and making use of financial reinsurance agreements to convert a loss into profits. The chief executive of the company, Williams diverted the community of investment through a series of takeovers, that ended in paying out of amount $300 million in 1998 for Rodney Adler's FAI Insurances. Mark Westfield's easy yet effective past of the collapse of HIH is likely to be aimed for those who desired to chase the money instead of personalities. During 1999, HIH takes over its major competitors, FAI Insurance by considering the fact that chief executive of company Rodney Adler as one of its corporate directors (Miglani, Ahmed and Henry, 2015). With approximate $8.1bn base of an asset in the 2000 year end. HIH is largely apparent as a deep, reliable and healthy company. However individual internal records showed the debt leverage ratio of company and liabilities of insurance were relatively too high, due to this, there was a high risk of insolvency (Brennan, 2014). At last, in 2001, the corporate unstable financial position becomes weaker day by day, and HIH suffered from the biggest ever collapse in the history of Australia, bearing the loss of more than $5bn. The company was progressing to operate effectively in order to service and examine old claims, without the taking of new business on boards. A financial regulator of Australia establishes to identify the clear event chains that resulted in the collapse of HIH. Another main factor determined in the failure of HIH was the deficiency to offer proper future claims, and all problems arise from his sole issue. Concealing future claims is considered to be an essential element of any insurance company; however by the termination of its existence the company was in a situation where only a 1.7 percent negative shifty could bring the firm to insolvency. The main reason for the collapse was misstatements in new and changing conditions of the market, that raised liabilities of the firm adversely and strategic planning was unable to conceal it, and this may be likely to amend these changes (Brennan and Fenech, 2014). New and changing conditions of the market can lead to severe damage to any insurance company. However, these risks are recognizably, and most of the companies make extra efforts to reduce their experience to these changes. The reason that HIH radically exposed itself in its every part was the intense quick expansion of the company. As ment ioned before, HIH obtained several companies in its ending years and creating an extreme force for global expansion. At last, it is now all clear that HIH must be more careful while following its expansion and must have such steps that ensured that its liabilities are timely covered. Through rapid expansion, the company entered in those markets in which they had no or little experience, although none of the provision seems to be made for the requirements to take additional margins when entering into new markets (Welsh, 2014). This is said to be the proper case of mismanagement and over attitude in the time period of expansion. One.Telphone Company In 2001, the OneTel collapse was considered to be the major collapse ever. During the collapse, it was among the 4th largest tele company in Australia with approximately two million consumers and handing its operations in over eight countries. Analysis of both qualitative and quantitative information from various sources recommended that the collapse of One-Tel collapse is a typical case of failed hopes and expectations, misstatements, wrong use of pricing policy and uncontrolled growth (Dagwell, Wines and Lambert, 2015). The firms sudden growth and downfall were linked with severe lacks in its corporate governance inclusive of failure in internal control, quality of audit, board study management, and managerial communication with the board, financial reporting and weak links of executive paying. Hence, the failure of One-Tel contains various significant aspects of corporate governance role in avoiding company collapse. One.Tel had the weak quality of financial reporting and earnings as well. It was possible to record minor positive earni9ngs in its initial time period because of its non-traditional policy of accounting options and huge positive accumulations. It contained poor controls over internal system and inconsistency in reporting and recording (Keneley, Wines and Jain, 2017). However, it also has a low-quality audit. It constantly achieved a weak and incompetent audit estimations regardless of severe contravene of Corporations Act, auditing standards in 1998. Although One-Tels declining working cash shortage, problems in cash collecting and losses covered by none traditional policies of accounting, companys auditor were unable to solve the issues. There was minimal variation in the boards opinion (Chen, 2016). The management didnt reveal to the board regarding the solvency position and performance of the firm. On the contrary to this, the no- supervisory directors were incapable of examining the efficiency of the management and asked weird questions to management regarding how they work in business, the association of executive pay with the performance was very poor in the company. The managerial authorities achieved huge bonus on performance at the time of declining companys performance. The collapse of One-Tels collapse left various courses on companys strategies. Primarily, it is not sufficient to obtain customer in big scale unless and until those customer supply to firms profitability. Next, pricing policies according to of competitors just to get market shares, and this can lead to terrible consequences. It is not sufficient to produce sales revenue until those revenues are gathered in a timely manner (cash). One-Tel termination left various lessons on companys governance also (Gray, 2017). Initially, powerful internal system control, quality of financial reporting and audit, effectual management inspection, revealing of corporate affairs to the board, and a solid connection with executive payments and corporate performance are essential for firms effective corporate governance. Next, the board is less interested in identifying issues and problems of firms where there is leading CEO in firm. After that, beard teams which are not executive must prepare their own explorations to the firm performance and strategies (Manganelli and et al., 2014). Thus, non-executive board members must be provided admission to upper to lower management to certify the reliability of information. Further, firms large investors must be actively interested in overseeing the firm. The involvement of auditor in the service of an audit might give and take audit quality. The board members must always control on the meeting of the board to preside the agenda of the board to assess the management attitude efficiently. Conclusion The present study shows that increasing financial obligations is not the sole primary reason for liquidation by considering three major cases of collusion in Australia. For long term sustainability, businesses must comply with regulatory and ethical aspects by considering long term financial aspects instead of focusing on short term benefits. Present study clarifies the fact that chances of failure of public companies are much more than private companies as they take more risk with greater separation of ownership and more controlling power given to their managers. Subsidiary companies of foreign parents are less likely to fail as compared to stand alone companies. An important role is played by the cyclical factors which include usual suspects like high leverage, low profitability and low liquidity. These cyclical determinants that are related to the rate of failure are same for listed as well as unlisted companies. But, leverage increase and size decrease raise the chances of failur e for listed companies whereas ageing decrease the probability of failure of unlisted companies. Hence it can be cited that liquidity and profitability are important for all companies. Further, aggregate conditions also determine the failure rates annually. References Betta, M., 2016. Three Case Studies: Australian HIH, American Enron, and Global Lehman Brothers. InEthicmentality-Ethics in Capitalist Economy, Business, and Society(pp. 79-97). Springer Netherlands. Brennan, D. and Fenech, M., 2014. Early Education and Care in Australia: Equity in a Mixed Market-Based System?.An Equal Start?: Providing Quality Early Education and Care for Disadvantaged Children, pp.171-192. Brennan, D., 2014. The business of care: Australias experiment with the marketisation of childcare.Australian Public Policy: Progressive Ideas in the Neoliberal Ascendency, pp.151-167. Carnegie, G.D. and OConnell, B.T., 2014. A longitudinal study of the interplay of corporate collapse, accounting failure and governance change in Australia: Early 1890s to early 2000s.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(6), pp.446-468. Chen, S., 2016. A look at how the Commissioner deals with phoenix companies.Taxation in Australia,51(2), p.74. Chen, V., Ramsay, I. and Welsh, M.A., 2016. Corporate law reform in Australia: An analysis of the influence of ownership structures and corporate failure. Clarke, F. and Dean, G., 2014. Corporate Collapse: Regulatory, Accounting and Ethical Failure. InAccounting and Regulation(pp. 9-29). Springer New York. Crockett, M. and Ali, M.J., 2015. Auditor independence and accounting conservatism: Evidence from Australia following the corporate law economic reform program.International Journal of Accounting Information Management,23(1), pp.80-104. Dagwell, R., Wines, G. and Lambert, C., 2015.Corporate accounting in Australia. Pearson Higher Education AU. Damiani, C., Bourne, N. and Foo, M., 2015. The HIH claims support scheme.Economic Round-up, (1), p.37. Gray, J., 2017. The simultaneous application of section 424 (1) and section 22 (1).Without Prejudice,17(4), pp.14-15. Hodne, N., Murphy, S., Ottenbacher, M. and Ruggles, T., 2013. Australia and the United States: A Comparison and Contrast of Corporate Governance Practices. Keneley, M., Wines, G. and Jain, A., 2017. The Collapse of Unlisted Mortgage Companies: A Regulatory Dilemma.Accounting Research Journal,30(1). Manganelli, B.E.N.E.D.E.T.T.O., Morano, P.I.E.R.L.U.I.G.I. and Tajani, F.R.A.N.C.E.S.C.O., 2014. Companies in liquidation. a model for the assessment of the value of used machinery.WSEAS Trans. Bus. Econ,11, pp.683-691. Miglani, S., Ahmed, K. and Henry, D., 2015. Voluntary corporate governance structure and financial distress: Evidence from Australia.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,11(1), pp.18-30. Welsh, M. (2014). Realising the public potential of corporate law: Twenty years of civil penalty enforcement in Australia.Fed. L. Rev.,42, 217

Is marriage an outdated tradition free essay sample

Is Marriage an Outdated Tradition? In this essay I will be explaining whether marriage Is an outdated tradition along with my opinion and the ones of Christians. In my oplnlon I believe that No, marriage Is the same strong, important connection it was 100 years ago. The difference is the people who enter into it, and the way society no longer supports the couples who choose it. Weve become a need It now society and are ready to discard whatever doesnt give us Instant happiness. Divorce has become so acceptable that couples go Into arriage with the plan to divorce If they arent satisfied (prenup) as compared to the people in our past who believed marriage was forever and were motivated to keep working at the relationship and to make it work. Today couples are ready to give up as soon as its not fun or the sex becomes dull. We will write a custom essay sample on Is marriage an outdated tradition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The other part of the problem Is societys lack of support for marriage. The UK benefit system Is too lenient towards those who choose to have children without being married therefore helping them with housing, childcare, schooling and food. The rest f the family before would be providing emotional support and pressure for the couple to work at the relationship, now its more looked at it as being only their problem and not a problem for the people around them. Today were more concerned about an individuals right to personal happiness than to supporting responsible or ethical behaviour-I believe a persons happiness Is extremely Important but peoples morals and ethics are what make them happy. I also believe the idea that something thats worth having is worth fighting for, having omething a long time, the pride of working at something, at pushing through the hard stuff to be able to stand back and look with pride at having made something great, is gone. The Christians of the Catholic Church teach prohibition of premarital sex along with the rejection of homosexual marriage, abortion and contraception but also the acceptance of everyone and equality but while all those are very Important none is what makes the bond of marriage stick. It happens when two people who are free to marry and are physically and emotionally capable of marriage give themselves o each other, understanding that marriage means being open to life and commitment and to faithful love till death.

The Maid of Lorraine essays

The Maid of Lorraine essays Courage, strength, spirit, and determination are just a few of the ways to describe one of the greatest heroes to ever live. Joan of Arc worked to reunite France at an age when most people would be at the end of their high school careers. She led an army to battle at an age when most people, today, are hanging out with friends and looking forward to college. Joan, however, was planning battles and strategizing attacks. She put her life on the line for her country simply because St. Catherine asked her to. The story of Joan of Arc is true yet a myth because she was referred to as the Maid of Lorraine, who was always thought to be a myth. Joan made this myth a reality. Joan of Arc is the story of a girl who united her people in an effort to reunite France and through her many triumphs and tragedies she is still looked up to today. As Linda Seger points out, The hero is introduced in ordinary surroundings, in a mundane world, doing mundane things (309). This was precisely how Joan was introduced in the movie, Joan of Arc. Joan was first introduced to the audience while she was at church with her family. She was ten years old at the time and during the introduction, Joan received a sign from St. Catherine and was mystified by it. As a result, she ran out of the church and then returned after the service was over to ask for another sign and why she received the sign. During the next seven years Joan received many signs from St. Catherine. The next scene showed Joan when she was seventeen years old and had made her decision to go speak to the King of France. This is the turning point that Seger refers to in her essay, Creating the Myth. This is the catalyst that sets the story in motion (Seger 310). This was also when the myth of the Maid of Lorraine was created. On Joans journey to the Kings palace, the group she was traveling with stopped at Sir Roberts castle. Joan was n...

SCREEN CULTURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

SCREEN CULTURE - Essay Example Besides, they use this for program scheduling of day to day programs at certain times of the day or night. In this essay, it argued that genres are the cultural categories that operate within the television industry. It is also argued that very little research has been done on screen culture to explain the role of genres. This essay, therefore, looks at the television media genres by inclusively using contemporary cultural theory comparing it to the traditional one in order to find the answers to these arguments. This lack of theoretical exploration is explained by a number of factors. Most scholars view the entire body of genre theory as sufficient enough to explain the genre in any medium. The film genre does not account for some of the industry and audience norms which are uniquely identified with the television. In particular, the major question which motivate scholars in the current days is: how do these television programs compare to the historical systems of politics and power? The solutions to this questions have not been adequately given. This is because most television genre scholars seem to be contented with the initial research done. The few who seem to care have been quickly convinced into buying the idea of the film and literally theories, in which, they seldom notice the errors made and recommend it for more research to be done. Most traditional approaches to the television genres have relied on a few assumptions which should be studied and resurfaced in the contemporary theoretical paradigms. Traditionally, the genre has been looked at by the media scholars as a component of the text using various guiding questions. This seeks to identify the core elements entailed in a particular genre by looking at the texts in order to cripple any formal mechanisms that constitute the viability of that genre. Another approach, which most probably is common in the media studies raises the questions of interpretation by critically studying

Medical equipment lifecycle ( Medical Equipment & Technology Services Essay

Medical equipment lifecycle ( Medical Equipment & Technology Services Management) - Essay Example The advantages which are connected with medical technology are substantial. There exists a disturbing rise in the index of patient moratlity of which medical facility error has been a causal attribute. Medical Technology Equipment from the User's Perspective Academic articles and books have recommended that user participation by means of the inclusion of the ergonomic engineering inside of the medical component architecture and production process (MDDD) presents many advantages which facilitate the production of less hazardous and more efficient medical technology components which cater to the user's needs in a more effective manner. There has not been a great deal of research which has been completed with regards to the user participation in this procedure, the efficacy of the participation of the medical equipment user in providing feedback (Money et al., 2011). Medical technology equipment usage at the planning phase was discovered to be the greatest due to the participation of th e users. Participation of the users at the planning stage is regarded to be of great importance. The most elevated user involvement during the planning phase was to formulate user directed designs which are applied to implementing new efficient product designs. The design outcomes are applied to the manufacture of medical components which have increased equipment user security and that may be effectively applied. Another purpose for the increased user participation at the planning stage is the need for formal planning procedures which should be initiated and concluded with the customer requisites as per regulation ISO 9001. Nonetheless, each phase of the medical component life cycle is integral and required (Shah, 2006, p. 506). In considering a holistic perspective to the comprehension of the interactions between individuals and system components, it becomes feasible to classify the technological characteristics that will best comply with the user's requirements. This holistic pers pective will augment the quality of the medical technology equipment experience and the well being of the user when applying the medical technology. The user centered perspective which is applied by practitioners with respect to ergonomics may enable health care organizations to possess a methodology of application when procuring and applying medical technology. This users perspective includes the ascertaining if the medical technology equipment complies with the ergonomics requisites of the user and if there will be any adverse impact on the technology system of which it will become an integral element (Shaver and Braun, 2008). The Nielsen -Schneiderman Heuristics Perspective The Nielsen- Schneiderman Heuristics are the following elements of evaluations which should be applied from a user's perspective on the ergonomics of medical technology equipment: 1. Consistent results- The users should be aware that the actions which are performed will provide empirically assessed results. 2. Visible operation of the medical technology equipment. 3. Mental compatibility of the user's perception of the medical technology equipment concept. 4. Minimal information requisites. 5. Minimal memorization of the medical technology equipment required. 6. User feedback on the efficiency of the medical technology equipment. 7. Resiliency- The user should be able to custom tailor the medical techn

Brindage Act 1902 Essay Example for Free

Brindage Act 1902 Essay 1.The Brindage Act 1902 that was implemented on November 12,1902, prohibits the Filipinos to form or join groups against the US government. The Act was created in order to pacify the Filipinos so that it would be easier for the American government to execute their plans for the country. This law states that whoever continues to revolt against the Americans will be considered as thieves. Even though Americans tried to stop the activists, there were still some Filipinos like Macario Sakay that remained fighting. They were affected greatly by the law, because they cannot walk streets without getting themselves arrested. And although they had the rich people funding them from the beginning, it was stop, therefore it led to the lack of food and arms. The bandoleros continued fighting even though some of their fellow Katipuneros surrendered to the US. I consider them heroes and patriots even though it is said that the country is in a â€Å"peaceful situation†, because they were fighting for the independence they fought since the Spanish times. 2.The First Philippine Republic or the Malolos Republic was established along with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution. This was said to be the end of the Spanish rule. First President Emilio Aguinaldo changed the revolutionary government to a dictatorial and later went back to the revolutionary government. Malolos Republic has its President, Cabinet Members and Ministers, but in my opinion, it is still premature. The departments are messed up like the Department of Foreign Affairs, Navy and Commerce; Department of War and Public Works; Department of Police, Internal Order, Justice, Education and Hygiene; Department of Finance, Manufacturing Industry. It’s as if it was hastened just so they could form departments. I also believe that if this was a successful government, it would last longer, and the Americans could have let go of us to be an independent country.

Essay examples --

OBSERVATIONS/EXPERIENCES Mapro Foods Pvt. Ltd Mapro Foods is committed to its production process of various products such as fruit jams, fruit concentrates etc. with high regard for nutrition and taste. Mapro was the pioneer of fruit-based confectionery in India with its success over five decades of becoming market leader of western India in its industry. Also it has magnificently led the socio-economic progress of Gureghar region. The indigenous product: ‘Faleros’ have secured a strong position in the market. Also a glorious national flag being set-up on the company ground made the processing unit splendid. Also their shop where one can taste the product before buying it. Amul An Indian dairy co-operative based at Anand, Gujarat. Its model is of three levels which include dairy cooperative societies at the village level federated under a milk union at the district level and a federation of member unions at the state level. At the Pune unit, we saw processing and packaging of milk. Only milk and curd are the products which are dispatched from here. Also mostly women work during daytime to boost cleanliness as well as hygiene. A proper automatized plant set up where least manpower is used with optimum used of technology. Shetty Chemicals and Engineering works Pvt Ltd. Shetty Chemical & Engg works Pvt Ltd is engaged in the business of manufacturing and selling claimed and fused Alumina products like Refractories. They have gained almost 50 years’ experience in manufacturing this product of best Quality. It is company with good team but poor infrastructure as well as lack of organized way of doing work. The warehouse and the production unit being at the same place led to dumping of raw materials and finished products. The higher mana... ...s with measure of safety, quality as well as professionalism. Their wide portfolios have allowed them to be associated with leading OEM customers. FIEM has become a supplier not only in India but also in Europe and USA. The experience to visit this company showed us the professionalism prevailing in corporates as well as the technologies used in R & D department. Ethics Art and Design Bharti Khandelwal, a women entrepreneur who explained her journey of becoming successful on her seven pillars. Her ‘Can Go’ attitude and how to manage work with things available was inspiring. She being more than 4 years into this work explained how she got the privilege to work with country’s best designers, labels, corporate, & brands. Her experiential journey understandings, reason behind company’s name as well as the belief of being worker of our own business was quite perceptive.

Is Shylock a Victim or a Villain? Essay

Shylock: Victim or Villain? With close reference to at least three scenes examine Shakespeare’s presentation of Shylock. Is a villain someone who lends money to help others but then charges interest? Intending to receive a pound of human flesh resulting in certain death if a promise is broken, surely this is somebody who is viewed as a villain. The same man who has experienced prejudice and discrimination all his life only because of his religion, which would be unimaginable in modern day, has this man now turned into a victim? Shakespeare a play writer of the 16th century, so much more creative, sophisticated and knowledgeable then the Elizabethan audience he wrote this play for whom would have perceived Shylock as a Jew a villain, presents Shylock in a more complex way. Jews were thought of by Christians as stubborn non-believers and were accused of poisoning wells and spreading the plague. Shylock was shown to be treated as all these things were true, yet he had a complexity about him as an audience today, against discrimination and accepting other religion and cultures, would feel pity, sympathy and put him towards the victim category. However trying to murder someone for revenge, this is clear villainy to anybody now or thousands of years ago. Throughout the play we ask ourselves, is Shylock a villain or a victim? Shakespeare intends this as he gives Shylock emotive speeches about inequality, which contradicts Shylock as being a villain. Shylock as a character represents the Old Testament, Judaism, which is the belief of justice, retribution and following the law by the letter. Shakespeare gives a clear message about Justice against Antonio for all that he has done towards Shylock; he wants to get his revenge within the law hence the bond. Shylock talks about the Old Testament with Bassanio and Antonio in Act 1: Scene 3, â€Å"This Jacob from our Holy Abram.† Christianity, the New Testament, follows mercy and forgiveness. The Duke and Antonio both show mercy towards Shylock when he has shown none. Shakespeare first introduces Shylock in Act1: Scene3. With no stage directions we have to decipher what a character is like only through what they say. â€Å"Three thousand Ducats-well.† His first line is about money. Shakespeare instantly gives us the impression that his only interest is money. This is also the case when he is at home with Jessica, his daughter and away from work. He explains how he dreamed of money bags yet does not acknowledge his daughter or show her any affection. However we later find out that money is not the only thing on his mind but his longing hatred for Antonio. Shylock hates him for he is a Christian but more because he lends money with no interest. â€Å"I hate him for he is a Christian. But more, for that low in simplicity he lends out money gratis.† Antonio’s hate is reciprocated as he compares Shylock with the Devil and other animals like dogs. In the ring plot involving Portia and the caskets the first Prince is from Morocco, who was black, chose the gold casket but it was not the correct one. The complexion of a Devil in the eyes of An Elizabethan audience was black. Furthermore he has been associated with the devil by his own daughter and also Salerio and Salanio referred to him as the devil in Act 3: Scene 1. This hatred between them is introduced only to grow throughout the play. Shakespeare is very clever and drops hints about Shylock’s character and the actions he will take at the start of the play. Shylock mutters â€Å"Cursed be my tribe, if I ever forgive him.† He will show no mercy towards Antonio and he does not in the trial scene in Act 4: Scene 1. It hard to decide whether Shylock is a victim or villain when he is first introduced as we learn about what he has had to put up with, being called a â€Å"misbeliever†, â€Å"cut throat dog† and others spitting on his beard for the reason that he is a Jew. We feel pity and sympathy for the things he has had to endure which means we cannot cling to a unique view of Shylock as a villain. He wants people to respect him and like him yet he cannot show any affection or respect towards his own daughter. He shows the same hatred back towards Antonio and if he catches him out, â€Å"If I catch him once upon the hip, I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him.† he will take his revenge. Coiling up all the hatred he has inherited has caused him to pass on the mistrust and hatred to others without being totally aware he is doing so. Moments later he talks about being Antonio’s friend and charging him no interest. This sudden change of feeling and thought gives the audience a suspicion that he is planning something. We no longer think of him as a victim alone, he has shown us through his speech and actions that he has a villainies way about him. He hates him for he is a Christian just as the way Antonio hates Shylock for he is a Jew. Should we now feel sympathy for Antonio? We don’t and I think Shakespeare has decided to portray Shylock as more as a Victim in this scene is to capture the Elizabethan audience alone. A victim is the opposite of what they would have thought of him yet Shakespeare is trying to send a message. They would have though of him to be a stereotypical villain yet he is not Shakespeare has added complexity to his character. A relationship between father and daughter is surely the most precious, the relationship between Shylock and Jessica. However we soon learn a totally different story about the hostile environment when they are together and the deeply buried hatred of Shylock from his only Daughter. Act 2: Scene 3 is where we first meet Jessica, we learn how unhappy she is willing to leave her home town and convert to Christian in order to be with Lorenzo and away from her father, â€Å"I have a Father, you a Daughter lost.† Jessica is also ashamed to be her Fathers child. Again we hear comparisons between Shylock and the Devil: ‘Our house is hell, and thou, a merry Devil’. Shylock has not noticed Jessica’s odd behaviour, too caught up with his own problems and obsession with money. This shows us that although he may love Jessica he does not show it, he is not perceptive and can’t read his own daughter’s unhappiness. Act 2: Scene 3 when we first learn about her willingness to escape to Act 2: Scene 6 when she leaves with Lorenzo for Belmont. The inevitable happens but was this, the turning point for Shylock. Was his daughter running away the point were Shylock would go as far as attempting to kill a man for his revenge? At least before he had someone who looked up to him, loved him and looked after him, or so he thought. The shame would have overwhelmed him, his own flesh and blood turning into a Christian. I think he feared the most what others would say; they would mock him even more once this news had spread. Shylock, his only child that he has bought up single-handed has fled, leaving him totally alone as he has already been widowed. He is evidently controlling over Jessica, â€Å"Do as I bid you, shut doors after you. Fast bind, fast find.† This controlling manner could also be attributed to the over protective nature of a loving single parent. Shakespeare has intended for us to think of Shylock as the victim and we sympathise with him but at the same time we sympathise with Jessica. In Act 2: Scene 5 we see Shylock and Jessica alone. At the start Shylock speaks about money indirectly once again, he is preoccupied and cares more about material things than his only daughter. Shakespeare also portrays the relationship as an awkward one with Jessica not saying a great deal but when she does it is a lie: â€Å"His words were ‘Farewell Mistress’ and nothing else.† When, in fact, they had been talking about Lancelot. A Christian. She is reluctant at first: â€Å"Call you? What is you will?† but by the end she is letting her emotions and true feelings out: â€Å"Farewell and if my fortune be not crossed, I have a Father, you a daughter lost.† Shylock does not know his own daughter yet holds something over her, which makes her scared and a little ashamed to betray him. Through Jessica we see Shylock as an old, cruel man. Devil, hell, blood, ashamed and tediousness are all words that Jessica related to her father. In the 16th century daughters should have respected their fathers, even to this day they still seem a little extreme. These words don’t show respect, only hate. In Act 2: Scene 8, Shakespeare has decided to play this scene so we hear the information second hand. Salerio and Salanio are gossiping about how they have seen Lorenzo and Jessica on a Gondola escaping. The two characters could play this scene in a laughing manner full of jokes. I think this is how Shakespeare intended it to be played. Doing it like this would mean as an audience we would also be influenced by the joking atmosphere and therefore feel less sympathetic towards Shylock. The Elizabethan audience would have loved this, as they would be in the shoes of Salerio and Salanio, mocking Shylock about his loss. We would feel dramatically more sympathetic if Shylock had spoken this speech by himself. However in this scene Shakespeare portrays Shylock as a villain in the way he talks about the flight of his Daughter. A single parent loosing their only daughter should have been the worst possible outcome imaginable. Turmoil, distress, depression and anger should have been the things that were felt. They were but not for his daughter Jessica, but Shylocks money, jewels and wealth. Our sympathy grows as Shylock is portrayed as a victim but is stripped away when we learn he is more interested in his precious stones and jewels that have been taken: â€Å"My daughter! O my ducats! O my daughter! †¦ And jewels, two stones, two rich and precious stones. Stolen by my daughter. Justice! Find the girl!† these are definitely not the words of a warm hearted, doting father. Did he really love his daughter? Or did he only use her to take his aggression out on that he had built up from all the discrimination he had received. He also loses our sympathy in Act 3: Scene 1 when he finds out that Jessica has run away with a Christian. He treats Jessica merely as another possession and when he learns of her flight he is more anxious of the whereabouts of his treasures and precious ducats: â€Å"I would my daughter were dead at my foot†¦and the ducats in her coffin.† These are not the words of a loving Father, it proves that Shylock would not mourn Jessica’s death or disappearance and the only thing he is interested in his wealth and status. This backs up the points said on Act 2: Scene 8 but this time we read and listen to Shylocks words from his mouth. Salerio and Salanio are here once again but this time mock him directly. They claim Jessica is a better person for converting and that they are not nearly related: â€Å"There is more difference between thy flesh and hers, than between jet and ivory; more between your bloods, than there is between red wine and rhenish.† Shylock has been discriminated on and betrayed by others all his life but when his own daughter does the same, is this the point when he decides to take his revenge and relieve is anger? Shylock claims that Salerio and Salanio knew about his daughter going to flee, he blamed them but how can this be when he lives with his daughter yet did not notice or acknowledge her unhappiness and disconnection with him. Shakespeare is taking us on a roller coaster of emotions towards shylock. We feel sympathetic for him in this scene because he is being mocked for his loss but we then feel hostile towards him only minutes later when he proves he is no better than the Christians who mistreat him. This is the scene when he decides to take a stand and follow through with his unimaginable bond. Well its unimaginable to everyone else but necessary for him, to him he is only giving back what he has taken in the past. â€Å"†¦He hath disgraced me, and hindered me half a million; laughed at my losses, mocked at my gains, scorned my nation, thwarted my bargains, cooled my friends, heated mine enemies; and what’s his reason? I am a Jew. Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions?†¦ the villany you teach me, I will execute, and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction.† This is one of Shakespeare’s most famous speeches but why does he give it too Shylock, the villain of the play in the Elizabethan audience’s eyes? It gives him a different dimension and makes him seem more human. He stands up for himself and is not as in control or as noble as he was previously. He lets his emotions out many of the ideas used have been taken straight from the teachings of the Christian church. He is using the Christian’s own arguments against them. Shakespeare illustrates Shylock as being intelligent and is no longer a stereotypical villain; he has true, strong feelings that cannot be argued against by anyone. In this scene we also learn the scale of Jessica’s betrayal when she gambled his ring that he had given to Leah when he was a Bachelor for a monkey: † One of them showed me a ring that he had of your daughter for a monkey.† A pit in his stomach is what he would have felt yet it was quickly filled with the thought of Antonio’s misfortune and finally having a chance to take revenge against Antonio within the law. When talking to Tubal about Antonio’s sunken ships he uses a lot of repetition that could mean he has other things on his mind such as how and when he is going to take this inevitable revenge: â€Å"I thank God, I thank God†¦Is it true? Is it true?† Act 3: Scene 1 is one of the most important in the play but also has the most unusual layout. The scene follows the layout of the whole play and also Shylocks emotions. It starts calm, Bassanio trying to take Portia’s hand in marriage, Shylock is doing his job and Salerio and Salanio are just gossiping. It then advances to irritation ad revenge. Shylock decides to take his revenge and in the ring plot Portia and her maid trick both their husbands. Furthermore it reveals all the relationships that Shylock is involved in, his relationship with his daughter, Christians and Tubal who is a Jew. The last time we meet Shylock and the scene that the whole play has been moving towards, the Trial scene. Wanting to go as far as killing a man for revenge is what Shylock wants to do. He is the only being in the court room that believes what he is doing is what he deserves.. He wanted to get his revenge within the law, which is exactly what he is about to do. The duke of Venice greets Antonio and expresses pity for him, calling Shylock an inhuman monster who can summon neither pity nor mercy. The duke of Venice greets Antonio and expresses pity for him, calling Shylock an inhuman monster who can summon neither pity nor mercy. This shows just how biased on others religion people were in the 16th century. The duke, a man of the law has already taken Antonio’s side. However at the same time we get a sense that the Duke is also frightened that Shylock might well go through with his promise inevitably killing Antonio. With words such as inhuman wretch, incapable of pity and stony adversary the Duke turns the audience against Shylock from the start. In addition he says: â€Å"Call the Jew into the room.† They are reminded that he is only a Jew not a human being worthy of credit. Although Shylock is portrayed in a poor light by the other characters, Shakespeare give him intelligence in what he says. â€Å"You have among you many a purchased slave Which, like your asses and your dogs and mules, You use in abject and in slavish parts Because you bought them. Shall I say to you ‘Let them be free, marry them to your heirs. Why sweat they under burdens?. . . You will answer ‘The slaves are ours.’ So do I answer you. The pound of flesh which I demand of him Is dearly bought. ‘Tis mine, and I will have it.† Shylock is not attacking the Venetian law just wants to be treated the same and to be allowed to share in it. This is not something a stereotypical villain would say and we can take this view and relate to it yet for us is does not excuse the killing of another human being. Again, in this passage, we find Shylock cleverly using Venice’s own laws to support his very own revenge. He abides by the law by the letter as his religion of Judaism teaches. Furthermore Shylock asks many questions making people think if they were in his shoes would they not do the same: â€Å"What wouds’t thou have a serpant sting thee twice?† every time he makes a point he justifies it and compares it to the Christians around him. Throughout the play Shylock is reffered to as animals such as dogs, wolves and the Devil. This has been from Antonio because he has been higher in society and power than Shylock but not in this scene. Shylock compares Antonio cats, pigs and rats. Just as some Christians hate cats, pigs, and rats, Shylock hates Antonio. The tables have turned and he is so near to his revenge and Antonio is now so helpless under Shylocks new power. Just as some Christians own slaves with their power, Shylock owns a pound of Antonio’s flesh. Shakespeare shows Shylock to be a new, triumphant man that can show no mercy towards Antonio. In the trial scene, we can see the conflict of idea of judgment of two religions. According to Judaism (Jews religion), justice means punishing the bad people. So, Shylock feels that he has suffered and he must get an eye for an eye. On the other hand Christianity believe in mercy and forgiveness. Mercy is an apparent theme in this scene. It is first mentioned by the Duke, then by Portia who delivers another one of Shakespeare’s speeches. â€Å"The quality of mercy is not strain’d, it droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven Upon the place beneath. It is twice blest: It blesseth him that gives and him that takes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Portia states first that the gift of forgiving the bond would benefit Shylock, and second, that it would take Shylock to an improved status. Lastly, Portia warns Shylock that his quest for justice and revenge without mercy may result badly and to his own diadvantage. Rather than a trial scene this scene is more like an interlectual argument between Judaism and Christianity. Once again the two religions are against each other. Shylock decides to unwisely ignore Portia’s speech. Shakespeare creates tension here as it is almost inevitable that he will be allowd to take Antonio’s life and Shylocks greed and blindness has alone portrayed him as a villain. Furthermore he is offered twice the amount in money but he replies: â€Å"If every ducat in six thousand duats were in six parts, and every part a ducat, I would not draw them, I would have my bond.† He explains clearly that he only wants his bond. All his l ife it has been about his money, stones and wealth. It had driven away his daughter and his job involving money was one of the reasons he had been mistreated all these years. Shylock always put money first, if he had only done this once more he could have saved himself and his religion. Yet he was so intent on getting his revenge and this clouded his judgment. Shylock is still relishing his revenge just before the final moment: â€Å"O noble judge, O excellent young man.† He is thanking Portia but little does he know he is about to have his life and religion taken from under his feet. We feel resentful towards Shylock for the actions that he is going to take but when Portia reveals he can no longer do so we feel reeif. This does not last for long though as when we hear the punishments and consequences we cannot empathise. In a society today it would be unimaginable for someone to be forced to be taken from their religion. in the 21st centruy we respect others and the religions that they follow, we judge a pearson by their actions. Not their religion. which is what Shylock experienced. As a modern audience we feel sickened when we think and watch this happening yet to the Elizabethan audience this would have only greatly added to the humour of the play. The tables have trned and now after Shylock showed no mercy he is now made to plead for it. as Christians they show it to him. We have to remember that this play is a comedy. A comedy in which the baddy, Shylock the Jew, is punished and the goody, Antonio the Christian, is saved. In this case Portia was the one who restored the humour for the Elizabethan audience by restoring justice against Shylock. There are many themes in this play that link all characters. Bonds that exist between people, revenge, the sea and law versus justice. The bond of hatred that existed between Shylock and Antonio was a central element of the play. It leads to the actual bond of the pound of flesh being signed. They are bound together with Antonio’s life being in Shylock hands but then at the end Shylocks life in Antonio’s hands. Futhermore in the casket plot when Portia marrys Basanio she makes him vow never to give his ring away. This is a tight bond but is broken when Bassanio gives it away in appretiation, in the same way as when Antonio broke his promise in having 3000 ducats available to pay back Shylock back in the given time. Another is the sea. Had Antonio’s ships sailed to saftey Shylock would not have been able to demand revenge. The Elizabethan audience would have also enjoyed this familiar sea lore. The link between the law and justice is one that came up often and is explored in depth by Shakespeare. Through the behavior of Shylock towards Antonio, Portia when punishing Shylock and showing no mercy after she asks Shylock to show it, Antonio when insisting Shylock converts to Christianity and the Duke letting events follow the law. We learn the law in Venice is not capable of providing fairness and justice. Finally, the theme of revenge, which appears in two plots in the play. Firstly when Portia and Nerissa trick their husbands then watch them suffer and try to redeem themselves. Secondly Shylock attempts to kill Antonio for all he has done, then Antonio shows mercy but then takes his revenge by making Shylock convert to Christianity. To Shylock this may have been a worse punishment, did he want to live an empty life with no meaning or direction, betraying his own God? This play, Merchant of Venice, was written for an audience and Shakespeare creates suspense extremely well. He does this by switching between plots and locations at vital points in the play. He never spends too much time on one that we forget about the others. For example, in Act 1: Scene 2 we learn that Portia must marry whichever man chooses the right casket. At the end of the scene the arrival of Prince Morroco is announced, but we have to wait whilst Shylock and Antonio agree a bond before we are taken back to learn the outcome. Switching between plots this way is even used today particularly in soap operas. For audience advantage, Shakespeare makes them ahead of the characters, such as in the episode with the rings. On anther occasion the audience do not know something untill the characters themselves see it, as in the choice of the caskets. By varying these techniques, Shakespeare is able to develop dramatic tension and ultimately humour. â€Å"The quality of mercy is not strained.† Or is it? Shylock found it impossible to show mercy but can we blame him? His only daughter deserted him then sold his preciouse ring. The very same one that he had given to the love of his life when he was a bachelor. She left with all his wealth, money and stones to be with a christian. Shylock had lost the closest person to him but also the most important thing to him, his money. He has been spat upon and called names such as â€Å"cut throat dog† all his life, mocked at and laughed at by every other. He should not then be expected to show mercy to the very same people who had caused him all this pain and misery. Afterall mercy was not an aspect of his religion, Judaism, but justice. However in the end his own religion is what let him down. If he had turned, only for a second, from his religion and showed a llittle mercy he would have been able to hold onto his religion and wealth rather than having it stolen away. He was portrayed as a victim from the start and we sympathised with him when we hear the discrimmination he had to put up with. â€Å"†¦ lest the devil cross my prayer, for here he comes in the likness of a Jew.† To an Elizabethan audience Shylock would have only been viewed in the light of a villain and a Jew going through misery would have just added to the humour for the Christians watching. Shakespeare plays to this when he gives Shylock a menacing turn. He tells us how Shylock hates Antonio: â€Å"I hate him for he is a Christian.† But then, in contrast, Shakespeare shows us that in fact, Shylock wants to be Antonio’s friend: â€Å"I would be friends with you and have you love.† Has this been done on purpose? Or has Shakespeare done this too confuse the audience and portray him as a vitim with potential to become a villain? There are no rules to whether Shylock is a victim or a villain, only interpretations. Shakespeare has given Shylock a complex character with mixed emotions that many producers and directors have interpreted for their purposes. In the film version, with Albaccino, Shylock was portrayed as a vulnerable victim who was easily sympathised with. With such an intelligant, crafty play writer who included deeper meanings, no-one will ever truly know if Shakespeare intended Shylock to be a victim or a villian. Maybe this was his intention, you decide whether you sympathise with him because all he has been through or you may think he is a man that has crossed a line with bad intentions. People to this day have acted because of the way they have been treated or how they have been bought up. Remember, Is a villain someone who lends money to help others but then charges interest? Intending to receive a pound of human flesh resulting in certain death if a promise is broken, surely this is somebody who is viewed as a villain. The same man who has experienced prejudice and discrimination all his life only because of his religion, which would be unimaginable in modern day, has this man now turned into a victim? Shakespeare fills your mind with suspicions, theories and questions but only your emotions and thoughts can decide whether Shylock was a victim or a villain. Or maybe he was neither.

A Raisin Of The Sun And Harper Lee s A Hansberry

Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird portray prejudicial parameters that properly represent the social issues of the early twentieth century. Both authors use issues of race, gender roles, and social status to connect their work to the nonfictional events occurring in their own lives. The characters in both novels experience personal judgement, as well as the ability to witness its effect on those around them. Racial inequality is presented throughout history by rulings of the court. Gender roles also negatively presented society with the problem of the inability of some to aspire to their greatest potential. Social status presents as another problem in the time period of the novel, being that those of the lower class were forced to adapt to a new lifestyle. In Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, prejudice sets figurative lines that imprison some of the characters due t o race, sex, and social status which reign true in the time period surrounding the settings of the novels. A Raisin in the Sun, written by Lorraine Hansberry, introduces a family struggling to hold themselves together. They live in an apartment with other families and issues that come up include fighting for a bathroom in the morning, lack of space within their apartment, and the lack of money evident by actions of the family members and the furnishings throughout the house. The subject of money is quicklyShow MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird vs a Raisin in the Sun1396 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee and Lorraine Hansberry are two very different authors, who wrote two very different works. 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